In Defense of the Trinity

29 03 2009

Someone asked me how Jesus could be God when Jesus said that He doesn’t even know when He is returning. He said that such a thing was a contradiction – how can God not know the future and yet know the future? This was my response (much thanks to Michael Rudy, Quincy Jones, and Rollyvic Tira for helping me hash this out):

Let me see if this is what you’re saying:

(1) The Trinity is one being (God) and three Persons (Father, Son, and Spirit).

(2) The Father knows the future while the Son does not in at least one instance of Scripture

(3) The Spirit also seems to not know the future, even though the Father does

The above can be called {Group A}. I don’t see how there is a necessary or even implicit contradiction within this syllogism. The problem is that (2) comes with an inherent assumption:

(2′) Knowledge, including knowledge of the future, is known through being

If this is true, then the Trinity would be a contradiction. However, (2′) doesn’t seem to be true. Consider the following, we’ll label it {Group B}:

(4) Granite has being, but has no person

(5) A human has being and has one person

(6) Not all things with being have to have personhood
(6′) There is no conceivable limit to the number of persons in being x

When I say “person” I am using Boethius’ summarization of what “person” is in his Consolation of Philosophy

Person - an individual substance of a rational nature

So I am relying on the ancient understanding of “personhood.” We don’t consider animals to be “persons” (unless we’re PETA, Hindus, or ill-informed) because they lack intelligence. Though they have personality and show emotions, they are not “persons” because they don’t have intellect. 

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I Have Found You

21 03 2009

Once in the Garden of Eden, at the beginning of our sorrows, the pre-incarnate Christ walked within the Garden looking for Man and Woman. He knew what had occurred. He knew His creation had rebelled. He knew the pain and suffering that was to come.

We can almost hear the pain as we read the most overlooked, but painful words within the entire Bible, “And the LORD God said unto them, ‘Where are you?’” God knew where they were, He knew where they were hiding; His question was a rhetorical one. Man answered and admitted to his rebellion and Woman confessed what she had done. The march toward Calvary had begun.

In a small insignificant town in the Roman province of Judea, the Christ child was born. God in the flesh, Jesus Christ, Son of God who was present at creation and the Fall, had come to fix what was broken.

We cannot begin to fathom what the world looked like through the eyes of Christ. For Him to walk in human flesh amongst His creation, to see the effects of sin on His world, what did the incarnate God feel? “Where are you” He must have uttered to creation as He walked to the various towns of Judea.

God asked Man and Woman where they were, but He did not wait on them to come find Him. He instead went into the world to find them – for this is the reason all of creation occurred, the reason He allowed sin, so that He might demonstrate His love for us in this; while we rebelled against Him, He died for us.

God incarnate, who cursed Man for his rebellion, who sought after Man in the Garden, hung upon a cross. The crafty serpent of old thought he had defeated God, but Christ arose, solidifying His solution. The serpent had bruised His heal, but He had crushed the head of the serpent.

“Where are you?” His question echoes throughout human history up to the present age and all the way to when He returns. “Where are you?” As He watches humanity rip itself apart, as He watches humanity turn against Him on a daily basis, He must be asking, “Where are you?”

Yet, in this rebellious world there are those who are covered by His Son. Just as Man and Woman needed a covering to hide their nakedness, their shame, we too have a covering to hide our wickedness, our shame. Our covering is the blood of Christ.

Those who belong to Him shall one day walk with Him again. There is a future hope, an end to our suffering, a time where we will not sin, where we will be done in our rebellion.

There will be a time when those who suffer from physical ailments, from these disease-ridden bodies, shall be given new bodies where such pain is gone. The blind will look into the eyes of Christ and see the wondrous acts of His love. The deaf shall hear with clarity the songs of the angels praising God almighty. The hungry will feast with the Lord at the great banquet table. The orphans shall feel the loving embrace of their Heavenly Father and no longer feel the sting of loneliness.

There will be a time when the oppressed shall experience freedom in the presence of the Spirit. The bed-ridden from disease and pain will walk amongst God’s beautiful creation, dancing and leaping across His land with Christ by their sides.

But all of this pales in comparison to the reconciliation we will have with Him. We will no longer offend Him. We will no longer contradict Him. We will be in perfect union with the Father as we fall down and worship Him eternally. We will no longer have to hear those painful and cursed words, “Where are you?” We shall instead hear His soothing words of grace; “I have found you.” 





God Grew Tired Of Us

11 03 2009

I just watched the documentary God Grew Tired of Us and it has left me wondering a few things, mostly out of being convicted about my own life:

1) Where are the Christians for Sudan? We often forget that it is the northern part of Sudan and the Islamic Sudanese government that is attacking Christians in southern Sudan. Not that it would be okay if the Southern Sudanese were not Christians as genocide is horrible regardless of the target, but as Christians these are our brothers in Christ. We forget that we have more in common with a Christian in Sudan whom we have never met than we do with a blood relative who does not believe. If I knew my naturally born brother were in trouble in one of those nations, I would do all I could within my power to help him. These victims are our spiritual brothers and sisters in Christ. We will see them in Heaven one day and we will celebrate with them, but why aren’t we doing more now? 

There are multiple mega-churches dotting the landscape of the United States. There are churches that are attempting to put together building projects that they really don’t need. There are Christians who feel unhappy and unfulfilled at their jobs because they feel they are doing nothing for society. Couldn’t we use our vast wealth to help our brothers in Christ over in Sudan? Even in our economic downturn, even in our hardest times, we are substantially more wealthy than most of the world. Couldn’t these Christian businessmen who feel unfulfilled begin to go over and help with the orphans, help teach, and help bring comfort to the Sudanese refugees? Though Christians are doing a little, couldn’t we do a lot more? 

2) In the movie some of the refugees come over to America and their experience is documented. They don’t know how to acclimate. They don’t understand the American culture. They struggle with the American way of life. Ultimately, they feel lonely. 

I’m positive there are ways to find out if a political refugee has moved into your area. If anyone finds a way, let me know. Shouldn’t we be inviting them into our homes? Almost every single one of the men in the movie hadn’t seen their families since they were little boys. Why can’t we find these refugees in our community and be their family? We shouldn’t treat them as charity cases, but instead as family, because that is who they are. 

3) Study the history of the conflict (spoiler: Islam began the conflict…shocking) and educate yourself on it and then do something about it. I’m so tired of all this, “Raise awareness” garbage. It doesn’t matter if someone is aware of something, do something about it if you’re aware of it. “Being aware” makes positively no sense to me; if all I am is aware of a tragedy but elect to do nothing to fix the tragedy, no matter how miniscule my contribution, then I am partaking in the evil by ignoring the evil. 

These are real human beings who are going through real suffering. Even if we can’t fly over to Sudan and help (or whatever part of the world is suffering), we can have our churches get together and send someone who is willing. We can financially support that person. We can find political refugees in our communities and reach out to them and be a family to them. As Christians, that is part of our calling. I am just as guilty as anyone else as I have done nothing to help the situation, but now I want to do what is within my power to help bring about change for the better.





Exploring the problem of evil (Part 1) – Can God and Evil Exist?

8 03 2009

I was recently presented with Hume’s famous argument against God concerning evil. The following is my reply. I offer great apologies to Alvin Plantinga as the thought process, the exact wording of the syllogisms, and the argument come from his book God, Freedom, and Evil (though, to be fair, his arguments are really the analytical renderings of Augustine’s City of God). Here was my response to the person:

If God is willing to prevent evil, but not able, then he is not omnipotent.

If he is able, but not willing, then he is malevolent.

If he is both willing and able, then whence cometh evil?

If he is neither willing nor able, then why call him God?

If we grant the first and second premise, then we must deal with the third premise, which is:

(1) God is omnipotent

(2) God is wholly good

(3) Evil exists (why?)

The problem with your syllogism is that, taken prima facie, it’s not contradictory. There is no reason to assume that just because God is willing to stop evil that He will actualize His capability to stop evil. Rather, there are two other implied syllogisms in your argument:

(4) A good thing always eliminates evil as far as it can

and

(5) There are no limits to what an omnipotent being can do.

What do we mean when we say that God is omnipotent though? Does God’s omnipotence mean that He can create square holes, married bachelors, or worlds both do and do not exist? Or does it simply mean that He has unlimited power on all things that are within reason (given that reason is part of His nature)? That is, does it merely mean that He has all power within things that could actually exist? Most theologians would go with the latter understanding of omnipotence. If God wanted to create a unicorn or make it to where a rainbow turned into a pot of gold, then He certainly could because, though these things do not exist, it is not illogical for them to exist. He could not, however, create a world in which He doesn’t exist, or negate His own nature, due to the rationality present within His nature. In short, God follows His own nature, meaning He cannot contradict Himself. Thus, omnipotence merely means that there are no nonlogical limits to what God can do. Thus, our new proposition is:

(5) There are no nonlogical limits to what an omnipotent being can do.


Now, is it necessarily true that if a being is both willing and able to end an evil act that the being will always do so? In short, no. Assume that your friend John has capsized his boat in the Atlantic and doesn’t have a life preserver. He’ll probably only be able to stay afloat for thirty minutes. You have a boat that is fully fueled and you can have it out to John in less than 20 minutes. His plight is certainly an evil one, one that you are capable of eliminating and, if you knew about it, certainly willing to eliminate. But you don’t eliminate it. Does this make you evil? Read the rest of this entry »





How far west did Paul go?

4 03 2009

I’m currently reading Clement of Rome’s first epistle to the church at Corinth. In it, he states:

“He [Paul] taught righteousness to all the world; and after reaching the furthest limits of the West, and bearing his testimony befor ekings and rulers, he passed out of this world and was received into the holy places.” (First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians, III)

It would appear that after Paul was placed under house arrest at the end of Acts, he was released at some point. We know that Paul intended to go to Spain (Romans 15:24) after having been at Rome.

What I find so fascinating by this is that Christianity – a movement begun in a far eastern province of the Roman Empire had spread, within just a few years, to the furthest reaches of the Empire in the West.

To me, this shows not only the power of the Gospel, but the sense of urgency that the early Church had. Despite multiple persecutions, during the time of the Apostles, just a few decades, it had already covered the Empire.

Compare that to today’s Christians who seem far more concerned with ‘health and wealth,’ or having programs that reach out to the current membership. The Christians during the time of Paul (and Clement) sought to impact their local communities and spread outward into all areas of the world. Why don’t we mimick these early Christians?